![]() ![]() Bengal's economy underwent a period of proto-industrialization during this period. Its economy was worth 12% of the world's GDP, a value bigger than the entirety of Western Europe, and its citizens' living standards were among the world's highest. Ībsorbed into the Mughal Empire in 1576, the Bengal Subah was the empire's wealthiest province, and became a major global exporter, and center of industries such as cotton textiles, silk, and shipbuilding. The region reached its highest prosperity under the Bengal Sultanate, founded in 1352, which became one of the world's richest trading nations. ![]() Islam had been introduced during the Pala Empire, through trade with the Abbasid Caliphate it spread across Bengal following the formation of the Delhi Sultanate. It was replaced by the Hindu Sena dynasty in the 12th century. The Bengali Pala Empire was the last major Buddhist power in the subcontinent, founded in 750 CE and becoming the dominant power in the northern Indian subcontinent by the 9th century CE. The region has a monsoon climate, which the Bengali calendar divides into six seasons.īengal, then known as Gangaridai, was a leading power in ancient South Asia, with extensive trade networks forming connections to as far away as Roman Egypt. In the littoral southwest are the Sundarbans, the world's largest mangrove forest. Dense woodlands, including hilly rainforests, cover Bengal's northern and eastern areas, while an elevated forested plateau covers its central area the highest point 3,636 metres (11,929 ft) is at Sandakphu. ![]() Geographically, it consists of the Ganges-Brahmaputra delta system, the largest river delta in the world and a section of the Himalayas up to Nepal and Bhutan. Bengal ( / b ɛ n ˈ ɡ ɔː l/ ben- GAWL Bengali: বাংলা/বঙ্গ, romanized: Bānglā/Bôngô, pronounced ( listen)) is a geopolitical, cultural and historical region in South Asia, specifically in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent at the apex of the Bay of Bengal, predominantly covering present-day Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal. ![]()
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